Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits I: Foundations
نویسنده
چکیده
2. NEUTRAL EVOLUTION IN ONEAND TWO-LOCUS SYSTEMS 1 The Wright-Fisher Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Loss of Heterozygosity by Random Genetic Drift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Probabilities and Times to Fixation or Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Age of a Neutral Allele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Allele-frequency Divergence Among Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Buri’s Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Higher-order Allele-frequency Moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Linkage Disequilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Mutation-Drift Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 The Detailed Structure of Neutral Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 The infinite-alleles model and the associated allele-frequency spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . 23 The infinite-sites model and the associated site-frequency spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 The Genealogical Structure of a Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Drift-Mutation-Migration Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Quantifying population structure: FST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Mutation-migration-drift equilibrium values of FST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
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